Basketball Four Basic FundamentalsBasketBall Terminology
History
Basketball is an American game because it was originated by an American and developed in the United States. Dr. James Naismith invented the game in 1891, at Springfield College, Springfield, Massachusetts. Peach baskets were used for gals and the game was called basketball. Originally there were seven members on a basketball team, but after going through several rules changes the number of players was set at five.The Center Jump after each score has been eliminated to speed up the game. One of the greatest changes in recent years has been the domination of the game by very tall agile men.
Basic Rules
A player must dribble or pass the ball in order to advance it.
The object of the game is to score more points than the opponents during the regulation playing time of four quarters of eight minutes each.
Two one-minute timeouts per game, three 20-second timeouts for a total of 5 timeouts.
Points made from the field are called field goals and are worth 2 or 3 points.
There are five players on the court at one time they are:2 Forwards 2 Guards 1 Center
The game is started by the referee who tosses the ball up between the two centers in the center circle at mid-court.
Three seconds are allowed in the free throw lane. (by the offensive players)
The basket height is ten feet above and parallel to the floor.
There are two types of fouls:
Technical Fouls - un sportsmanlike conduct, leaving the court without permission, and too many time-outs.
Personal Fouls - pushing, holding, shoving, and charging.
*Intentional foul may be either personal or technical.
Each player is allowed 5 personal fouls.
Four Basic Fundamentals
Passing 1 Two-hand chest pass 2 bounce pass 3 two-hand overhead pass 4 baseball pass
Shooting 1 lay-up 2 set shot 3 jump shot 4 hook shot
Dribbling
Catching
Individual Defense (Man-Man) The principle behind the man-man defense is the assignment of each player to quard one offensive player, while helping teammates if they get beaten by their player. This defense takes extraordinary skill, endurance, communication, teamwork, switching and sliding through screens and picks ability.
Basic Stance
Feet in a forward stride position
Knees flexed
Back straight
Arms flexed pointing up & out
Head comfortable position
Feet shoulder width apart 		Guarding Player with Ball
Maintain a good basic stance
Staying between your man and the basket
Eyes focused on the opponents hips - not ball
Distance between you and opponent depends on the opponents quickness and shooting range.
Guarding Player Without Ball You must hard to prevent your opponent on receiving ball. This is accomplished by keeping the player and ball in view at all times. Also, one arm should constantly be extended between the ball and your defender to deny the pass. Again, you want to dictate his move
.Zone Defense The alignment selected must make into consideration the size, speed, and ability of the players, as well as the area of the court desired to be covered. The most common zone defenses are the 1-3-1, the 1-2-2, the 3-2, the 2-1-2 and the 2-3. The zone is a type of defense where each player is assigned a certain area on the court to cover, and guards only that offensive player comes into that area. The defense shifts in regulation to the ball. The zone defense is valuable in securing rebounds, in cutting off inside shooting, against taller opponents and protecting players who are tired, weak defensively, or in foul trouble.
Free Throw Alignment X = Defensively O = Offensively Must stay stationary until ball hits the rim. Players are alternated where as defense has rebound advantage if free throw is missed free throw shooter must stay behind free throw line until ball hits rim.
BasketBall Terminology
Back Court - That section of the court from the dividing line to the opponents basket.
Baseline - end line.
Center Circle - A circle with a radius of two feet located in the middle of the court.
Charging - Personal contact against the body of an opponent by a player with the ball.
Cut - A quick offensive move by a player trying to get free for a pass.
Division Line - The line halfway between the baskets, which divides the court into 2 halves.
Double Foul - Two opponents commit personal fouls against each other at the same time.
Drive - An aggressive move toward the basket by a player with the ball.
Fast Break - Moving the ball quickly down court in order to score before the defense can set up.
Field Goal - A basket made from the field during play and counts as 2 or 3 points. Freelance - No structure or set plays in the offense.
Free throw - An opportunity of throwing the ball at the basket, from behind the Free throw line, without being guarded
Free Throw Lane - The part of the court between the end line of a team's own basket and the division line.
Front Court - The part of the court between the end line of a team's own basket and the division line.
Give-and-Go - A move in which the offensive player makes a short pass to a teammate and then cuts in toward the basket for a return pass.
Held Ball - When two opponents have one or both hands firmly on the bal at the same time. Jump Ball - The toss-up of a ball between two opposing players by an official.
Out-let Pass - A direct pass from a re bounder to a teammate, with the main objective being the start of a fast break Personal Foul - When a player makes contact with an opponent when the ball is in play.
Pivot - The movement of a player with one foot in contact with the floor.
Screen - An offensive move where a player is positioned between the defender and a Teammate in order to free the teammate for an uncontested shot.
Throw-in - A method of putting the ball in play from out of bounds.
Traveling - When a player in possession of the ball within bounds progresses illegally in any direction.


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